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Eshowe, KwaZulu-Natal
Eshowe, Uthungulu District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, () is the oldest town of European settlement in Zululand. Eshowe's name is said to be inspired by the sound of wind blowing through the more than 4 km² of the indigenous Dhlinza Forest, the most important and striking feature of the town. Although the name is most likely to be derived from the Zulu word for the xysmalobium shrubs, showe or shongwe.
Today Eshowe is a market town, with a 100 km radius catchment area, two shopping centres, a main bus station serving the hinterland, a major hospital, and several schools.
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History
In 1860 Cetshwayo, then only a Zulu prince, built a kraal here and named the place Eziqwaqweni (the abode of robbers). A mission station was established at Eshowe in 1861 once permission has been obtained from the Zulu King Cetshwayo by Norwegian missionary, the Reverend Ommund Ofterbro. Later the station was called the KwaMondi Mission Station (place of Mondi) after the Zulu name which was given to Ofterbro.
Siege of Eshowe
Main article: Siege of Eshowe
During the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879, Colonel Charles Pearson lead the coastal column to Eshowe. This column encountered part of the Zulu army at Nyezane, but after a short battle pushed on to the KwaMondi Mission which was fortified and called Fort Eshowe. The forces under Colonel Pearson were besieged for 10 weeks until relieved on April 3 by Lord Chelmsford after the Battle of Gingindlovu.
Capital of Zululand
After the war Eshowe was established as the capital of Zululand and the home of the British resident in Zululand, Melmoth Osborne. The nearby town of Melmoth is named after him.
In 1887 Eshowe became the capital of Zululand and was officially declared a township in 1891.
In 1947 the British Royal Family (King George VI, Queen Elizabeth, Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret) visited and were welcomed in Eshowe by King Cyprian. The family toured the Dlinza Forest and spent a night in 'The Residency' in Eshowe.
Eshowe served as the seat of the first Black Diocesan Bishops in South Africa, of the Anglican and Roman Catholic Church.
Museums
- Fort Nongqwayi - old British fort
- Basketry museum - next to the fort
- Vukani collection - Zulu pottery and handcrafts
Nearby national parks
- Greater St Lucia Wetland Park
- Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Game Reserve
- Itala Game Reserve
- Lubombo Transfrontier Conservation Area
Other towns in Uthungulu District
External links
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Municipalities and Communities of uThungulu District Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal District Seat: Richards Bay |
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| Local municipalities |
uMhlathuze • uMlalazi • Nkandla • Mbonambi • Ntambanana • Mthonjaneni |
| Cities and towns |
Eshowe • Richards Bay • Babanango, KwaZulu-Natal • Empangeni • Melmoth, KwaZulu-Natal • Mtunzini, KwaZulu-Natal |
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