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40 BC

Year 40 BC was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Rome

• Treaty of Brundisium, agreement between Octavian and Antony, dividing the Roman world between themselves and Lepidus, the treaty was cemented by the marriage of Antony and Octavia Minor, sister of Octavian.

Greece

• Athenodorus a philosopher, encounters a ghost in Athens. This popular story is one of the first of the poltergeist stories in history.

Judea

• Parthians conquer Jerusalem. Hyrcanus II is removed from power, while Antigonus the Hasmonean becomes king of Judea under Parthian rule. Herod the Great flees Jerusalem to Rome. There he is titled king of Judea by Mark Antony.

China

• The Ji Jiu Pian dictionary published in this year during the Han Dynasty is the earliest known reference to the hydraulic-powered trip hammer device.

Births

• Cleopatra Selene and Alexander Helios, the twins of Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Mark Antony

Deaths

• May — Gaius Claudius Marcellus Minor dies, leaving Octavia Minor widowed. She will later marry Mark Antony by decree of the Roman Senate
• Fulvia, wife of Publius Clodius Pulcher and Mark Antony