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1-Hexanol

1-Hexanol
IUPAC name Hexan-1-ol
Identifiers
CAS number [111-27-3]
SMILES CCCCCCO
Properties
Molecular formula C6H14O
Molar mass 102.17 g/mol
Density 0.8136 g/cm³
Melting point

-52 °C
Boiling point

151.4 °C
Hazards
Flash point 63 °C
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

1-Hexanol is an organic alcohol with a six carbon chain and a condensed structural formula of CH3(CH2)5OH. This colorless liquid is slightly soluble in water, but miscible with ether and ethanol. Two additional straight chain isomers of 1-hexanol exist, 2-hexanol and 3-hexanol, both of which differ by the location of the hydroxyl group. Many isomeric alcohols have the formula C6H13OH. 1-hexanol is believed to be a component of the odour of freshly mowed grass. It is used in the perfume industry.

Contents

Preparation

Hexanol is produced industrially by the oligomerization of ethylene using triethylaluminium followed by oxidation of the alkylaluminium products.[1] An idealized synthesis is shown:

Al(C2H5)3 + 6 C2H4 → Al(C6H13)3
Al(C6H13)3 + 3 O + 3 H2O → 3 HOC6H13 + Al(OH)3

The process generates a range of oligomers that are separated by distillation.

Alternative methods

Another method of preparation entails hydroformylation of 1-pentene followed by hydrogenation of the resulting aldehydes. This method is practiced industrially to produce mixtures of isomeric C6-alcohols, which are precursors to plasticizers.[1]

In principle, 1-hexene could be converted to 1-hexanol by hydroboration (diborane in tetrahydrofuran followed by treatment with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide):

This method is instructive and useful in laboratory synthesis but of no practical relevance because of the commercial availability of inexpensive 1-hexanol from ethylene.

2-Hexanol

2-Hexanol
IUPAC name Hexan-2-ol
Identifiers
CAS number [626-93-7]
SMILES CCCCC(C)O
Properties
Molecular formula C6H14O
Molar mass 102.17 g/mol
Boiling point

136 °C, 409 K, 277 °F
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

2-Hexanol (or hexan-2-ol) is a six carbon alcohol in which the OH group is located on the second carbon atom. It is an isomer of 1-hexanol, 3-hexanol, 2-methylpentanol, 3-methylpentanol, 2,3-dimethylbutanol, 2-ethylbutanol and many more compounds. Its chemical formula is C6H14O or C6H13OH. 2-Hexanol has a chiral center and can be resolved into enantiomers.

References

  1. ^ a b Jürgen Falbe, Helmut Bahrmann, Wolfgang Lipps, Dieter Mayer "Alcohols, Aliphatic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology Wiley-VCH Verlag; Weinheim, 2002. DOI: 10.1002/14356007.a01_279
v • d • e
Alcohols
(0°)
Primary alcohols (1°)
Secondary alcohols (2°)
Tertiary alcohols (3°)
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